Melasma is a skin condition characterized by dark, discolored patches, primarily on the face, caused by radiation and hormonal factors. It is more common in women, especially during pregnancy, and while harmless, it can be bothersome. The three types of melasma—epidermal, dermal, and mixed—are identified using black light based on color and depth. Epidermal melasma, affecting the skin’s surface, responds well to topical treatments like hydroquinone and tretinoin. Dermal melasma, deeper in the skin, is harder to treat and may require laser therapy. Mixed melasma, the most common type, combines both forms and requires a combination of topical and procedural treatments. Preventive measures, such as sun protection, are essential for managing melasma effectively.